Electromagnetic Spectrum 1

Constants SI Units SI Prefixes Binary Prefixes Symbols Formulae Radioactivity Greek Letters EM Spectrum Laws/Thoeries

When tuning a radio, we adjust the freuency being recieved in order to detect or favourite station. However, the range of frequencies available extends way beyond those receivable bt the radio. If the radio could pick up every frequency, we could gradually tune into all of shortwave, medium wave, long wave, FM, Aerial TV, Mobile phones, satellite TV, light (infra-red, visible, ultra-violet), Xrays, Gama-Radiation etc.

The entire range of radio bands is only a small part of the massive range of frequencies called the Electromagnetic Spectrum.

Photon Freq.	Wave- length	Photon Energy	Notes
10⁰ Hz	3x10⁸ m	6.6x10^-34 J
10¹ Hz	3x10⁷ m	6.6x10^-33 J
10² Hz	3x10⁶ m	6.6x10^-32 J	ELF Mains eletricity is 50-60 Hz
10³ Hz	3x10⁵ m	6.6x10^-31 J	SLF
10⁴ Hz	3x10⁴ m	6.6x10^-30 J	VF
10⁵ Hz	3x10³ m	6.6x10^-29 J	VLF Long Wave Radio
10⁶ Hz	3x10² m	6.6x10^-28 J	MF Medium Wave Radio (AM)
10⁷ Hz	3x10¹ m	6.6x10^-27 J	HF Short Wave Radio
10⁸ Hz	3x10⁰ m	6.6x10^-26 J	VHF FM Radio
10⁹ Hz	3x10^-1 m	6.6x10^-25 J	UHF TV with Airial
10¹⁰ Hz	3x10^-2 m	6.6x10^-24 J	SHF Mobile Phones
10¹¹ Hz	3x10^-3 m	6.6x10^-23 J	EHF Satellite TV
10¹² Hz	3x10^-4 m	6.6x10^-22 J	Far Infra-red
10¹³ Hz	3x10^-5 m	6.6x10^-21 J	Medium Infra-Red
10¹⁴ Hz	3x10^-6 m	6.6x10^-20 J	Near Infra Red Infra-red remote controls
10¹⁵ Hz	3x10^-7 m	6.6x10^-19 J	Near Ultra Violet Sun beds
10¹⁶ Hz	3x10^-8 m	6.6x10^-18 J	EUV
10¹⁷ Hz	3x10^-9 m	6.6x10^-17 J	S Xray
10¹⁸ Hz	3x10^-10 m	6.6x10^-16 J	M Xray
10¹⁹ Hz	3x10^-11 m	6.6x10^-15 J	H Xray
10²⁰ Hz	3x10^-12 m	6.6x10^-14 J	Gamma
10²¹ Hz	3x10^-13 m	6.6x10^-13 J
10²² Hz	3x10^-14 m	6.6x10^-12 J	Energy equiv. to electron mass Photon or Particle?
10²³ Hz	3x10^-15 m	6.6x10^-11 J
10²⁴ Hz	3x10^-16 m	6.6x10^-10 J
10²⁵ Hz	3x10^-17 m	6.6x10^-9 J
10²⁶ Hz	3x10^-18 m	6.6x10^-8 J
10²⁷ Hz	3x10^-19 m	6.6x10^-7 J
10²⁸ Hz	3x10^-20 m	6.6x10^-6 J
10²⁹ Hz	3x10^-21 m	6.6x10^-5 J
10³⁰ Hz	3x10^-22 m	6.6x10^-4 J

Notes

All values are approximate
The frequency ranges for some sprectrum bands overlap
Authoritive texts can disagree on the exact upper and lower limits of some bands

Radio

Wavelength = Over 1.00x10^-1 m
Frequency = Under 3.00x10⁺⁹ Hz
Energy = Under 1.99x10^-24 J
Mass = Under 2.21x10^-41 Kg

Extremely Low Frequency (ELF)

Wavelength = 1.00x10⁺⁸ m to 1.00x10⁺⁷ m
Frequency = 3.00x10⁺⁰ Hz to 3.00x10⁺¹ Hz
Energy = 1.99x10^-33 J to 1.99x10^-32 J
Mass = 2.21x10^-50 Kg to 2.21x10^-49 Kg

Super Low Frequency (SLF)

Wavelength = 1.00x10⁺⁷ m to 1.00x10⁺⁶ m
Frequency = 3.00x10⁺¹ Hz to 3.00x10⁺² Hz
Energy = 1.99x10^-32 J to 1.99x10^-31 J
Mass = 2.21x10^-49 Kg to 2.21x10^-48 Kg

Ultra Low Frequency (ULF)

Wavelength = 1.00x10⁺⁶ m to 1.00x10⁺⁵ m
Frequency = 3.00x10⁺² Hz to 3.00x10⁺³ Hz
Energy = 1.99x10^-31 J to 1.99x10^-30 J
Mass = 2.21x10^-48 Kg to 2.21x10^-47 Kg

Very Low Frequency (VLF)

Wavelength = 1.00x10⁺⁵ m to 1.00x10⁺⁴ m
Frequency = 3.00x10⁺³ Hz to 3.00x10⁺⁴ Hz
Energy = 1.99x10^-30 J to 1.99x10^-29 J
Mass = 2.21x10^-47 Kg to 2.21x10^-46 Kg

Low Frequency (LF)

Wavelength = 1.00x10⁺⁴ m to 1.00x10⁺³ m
Frequency = 3.00x10⁺⁴ Hz to 3.00x10⁺⁵ Hz
Energy = 1.99x10^-29 J to 1.99x10^-28 J
Mass = 2.21x10^-46 Kg to 2.21x10^-45 Kg

Longwave Radio [LW]

Wavelength = 2.02x10⁺³ m to 1.06x10⁺³ m
Frequency = 1.49x10⁺⁵ Hz to 2.84x10⁺⁵ Hz
Energy = 9.84x10^-29 J to 1.88x10^-28 J
Mass = 1.09x10^-45 Kg to 2.09x10^-45 Kg

Medium Frequency (MF)

Wavelength = 1.00x10⁺³ m to 1.00x10⁺² m
Frequency = 3.00x10⁺⁵ Hz to 3.00x10⁺⁶ Hz
Energy = 1.99x10^-28 J to 1.99x10^-27 J
Mass = 2.21x10^-45 Kg to 2.21x10^-44 Kg

High Frequency (HF)

Wavelength = 1.00x10⁺² m to 1.00x10⁺¹ m
Frequency = 3.00x10⁺⁶ Hz to 3.00x10⁺⁷ Hz
Energy = 1.99x10^-27 J to 1.99x10^-26 J
Mass = 2.21x10^-44 Kg to 2.21x10^-43 Kg

Shortwave Radio [SW]

Wavelength = 1.00x10⁺¹ m to 2.00x10⁺² m
Frequency = 3.00x10⁺⁷ Hz to 1.50x10⁺⁶ Hz
Energy = 1.99x10^-26 J to 9.94x10^-28 J
Mass = 2.21x10^-43 Kg to 1.10x10^-44 Kg

Very High Frequency (VHF)

Wavelength = 1.00x10⁺¹ m to 1.00x10⁺⁰ m
Frequency = 3.00x10⁺⁷ Hz to 3.00x10⁺⁸ Hz
Energy = 1.99x10^-26 J to 1.99x10^-25 J
Mass = 2.21x10^-43 Kg to 2.21x10^-42 Kg

VHF Radio [FM]

Wavelength = 3.43x10⁺⁰ m to 2.78x10⁺⁰ m
Frequency = 8.75x10⁺⁷ Hz to 1.08x10⁺⁸ Hz
Energy = 5.80x10^-26 J to 7.16x10^-26 J
Mass = 6.44x10^-43 Kg to 7.95x10^-43 Kg

Digital Radio [DAB]

Wavelength = 1.71x10⁺⁰ m to 1.31x10⁺⁰ m
Frequency = 1.75x10⁺⁸ Hz to 2.29x10⁺⁸ Hz
Energy = 1.16x10^-25 J to 1.52x10^-25 J
Mass = 1.29x10^-42 Kg to 1.69x10^-42 Kg

Ultra High Frequency (UHF)

Wavelength = 1.00x10⁺⁰ m to 1.00x10^-1 m
Frequency = 3.00x10⁺⁸ Hz to 3.00x10⁺⁹ Hz
Energy = 1.99x10^-25 J to 1.99x10^-24 J
Mass = 2.21x10^-42 Kg to 2.21x10^-41 Kg

Digital TV - UK [FreeView]

Wavelength = 6.38x10^-1 m to 3.72x10^-1 m
Frequency = 4.70x10⁺⁸ Hz to 8.06x10⁺⁸ Hz
Energy = 3.11x10^-25 J to 5.34x10^-25 J
Mass = 3.46x10^-42 Kg to 5.93x10^-42 Kg

Medium Wave Radio (MW)

Wavelength = 5.65x10^-1 m to 1.87x10^-1 m
Frequency = 5.31x10⁺⁸ Hz to 1.60x10⁺⁹ Hz
Energy = 3.52x10^-25 J to 1.06x10^-24 J
Mass = 3.91x10^-42 Kg to 1.18x10^-41 Kg

WiFi (2.4 GHz)

Wavelength = 1.25x10^-1 m to 1.20x10^-1 m
Frequency = 2.40x10⁺⁹ Hz to 2.50x10⁺⁹ Hz
Energy = 1.59x10^-24 J to 1.66x10^-24 J
Mass = 1.77x10^-41 Kg to 1.84x10^-41 Kg

Microwave

Wavelength = 1.00x10^-1 m to 1.00x10^-4 m
Frequency = 3.00x10⁺⁹ Hz to 3.00x10⁺¹² Hz
Energy = 1.99x10^-24 J to 1.99x10^-21 J
Mass = 2.21x10^-41 Kg to 2.21x10^-38 Kg

Super High Frequency (SHF)

Wavelength = 1.00x10^-1 m to 1.00x10^-2 m
Frequency = 3.00x10⁺⁹ Hz to 3.00x10⁺¹⁰ Hz
Energy = 1.99x10^-24 J to 1.99x10^-23 J
Mass = 2.21x10^-41 Kg to 2.21x10^-40 Kg

WiFi (5 GHz)

Wavelength = 5.24x10^-2 m to 5.11x10^-2 m
Frequency = 5.73x10⁺⁹ Hz to 5.88x10⁺⁹ Hz
Energy = 3.79x10^-24 J to 3.89x10^-24 J
Mass = 4.21x10^-41 Kg to 4.33x10^-41 Kg

Freesat TV - UK [FreeSat]

Wavelength = 2.80x10^-2 m to 2.42x10^-2 m
Frequency = 1.07x10⁺¹⁰ Hz to 1.24x10⁺¹⁰ Hz
Energy = 7.10x10^-24 J to 8.20x10^-24 J
Mass = 7.89x10^-41 Kg to 9.12x10^-41 Kg

Extremely High Frequency (EHF)

Wavelength = 1.00x10^-2 m to 1.00x10^-3 m
Frequency = 3.00x10⁺¹⁰ Hz to 3.00x10⁺¹¹ Hz
Energy = 1.99x10^-23 J to 1.99x10^-22 J
Mass = 2.21x10^-40 Kg to 2.21x10^-39 Kg

Tremendously High Frequency {THF)

Wavelength = 1.00x10^-3 m to 1.00x10^-4 m
Frequency = 3.00x10⁺¹¹ Hz to 3.00x10⁺¹² Hz
Energy = 1.99x10^-22 J to 1.99x10^-21 J
Mass = 2.21x10^-39 Kg to 2.21x10^-38 Kg

Infrared (IR)

Wavelength = 1.00x10^-4 m to 7.10x10^-7 m
Frequency = 3.00x10⁺¹² Hz to 4.23x10⁺¹⁴ Hz
Energy = 1.99x10^-21 J to 2.80x10^-19 J
Mass = 2.21x10^-38 Kg to 3.11x10^-36 Kg

Visible

Wavelength = 7.10x10^-7 m to 4.00x10^-7 m
Frequency = 4.23x10⁺¹⁴ Hz to 7.50x10⁺¹⁴ Hz
Energy = 2.80x10^-19 J to 4.97x10^-19 J
Mass = 3.11x10^-36 Kg to 5.52x10^-36 Kg

Red

Wavelength = 7.10x10^-7 m to 6.47x10^-7 m
Frequency = 4.23x10⁺¹⁴ Hz to 4.64x10⁺¹⁴ Hz
Energy = 2.80x10^-19 J to 3.07x10^-19 J
Mass = 3.11x10^-36 Kg to 3.41x10^-36 Kg

Orange

Wavelength = 6.47x10^-7 m to 5.85x10^-7 m
Frequency = 4.64x10⁺¹⁴ Hz to 5.13x10⁺¹⁴ Hz
Energy = 3.07x10^-19 J to 3.40x10^-19 J
Mass = 3.41x10^-36 Kg to 3.78x10^-36 Kg

Yellow

Wavelength = 5.85x10^-7 m to 5.75x10^-7 m
Frequency = 5.13x10⁺¹⁴ Hz to 5.22x10⁺¹⁴ Hz
Energy = 3.40x10^-19 J to 3.46x10^-19 J
Mass = 3.78x10^-36 Kg to 3.84x10^-36 Kg

Green

Wavelength = 5.75x10^-7 m to 4.91x10^-7 m
Frequency = 5.22x10⁺¹⁴ Hz to 6.11x10⁺¹⁴ Hz
Energy = 3.46x10^-19 J to 4.05x10^-19 J
Mass = 3.84x10^-36 Kg to 4.50x10^-36 Kg

Blue

Wavelength = 4.91x10^-7 m to 4.24x10^-7 m
Frequency = 6.11x10⁺¹⁴ Hz to 7.08x10⁺¹⁴ Hz
Energy = 4.05x10^-19 J to 4.69x10^-19 J
Mass = 4.50x10^-36 Kg to 5.21x10^-36 Kg

Violet

Wavelength = 4.24x10^-7 m to 4.00x10^-7 m
Frequency = 7.08x10⁺¹⁴ Hz to 7.50x10⁺¹⁴ Hz
Energy = 4.69x10^-19 J to 4.97x10^-19 J
Mass = 5.21x10^-36 Kg to 5.52x10^-36 Kg

Ultraviolet (UV)

Wavelength = 4.00x10^-7 m to 1.00x10^-9 m
Frequency = 7.50x10⁺¹⁴ Hz to 3.00x10⁺¹⁷ Hz
Energy = 4.97x10^-19 J to 1.99x10^-16 J
Mass = 5.52x10^-36 Kg to 2.21x10^-33 Kg

Soft Xray 1

Wavelength = 1.00x10^-8 m to 1.00x10^-9 m
Frequency = 3.00x10⁺¹⁶ Hz to 3.00x10⁺¹⁷ Hz
Energy = 1.99x10^-17 J to 1.99x10^-16 J
Mass = 2.21x10^-34 Kg to 2.21x10^-33 Kg

Soft Xray 2

Wavelength = 1.00x10^-9 m to 1.00x10^-10 m
Frequency = 3.00x10⁺¹⁷ Hz to 3.00x10⁺¹⁸ Hz
Energy = 1.99x10^-16 J to 1.99x10^-15 J
Mass = 2.21x10^-33 Kg to 2.21x10^-32 Kg

Xray (X)

Wavelength = 1.00x10^-9 m to 1.00x10^-11 m
Frequency = 3.00x10⁺¹⁷ Hz to 3.00x10⁺¹⁹ Hz
Energy = 1.99x10^-16 J to 1.99x10^-14 J
Mass = 2.21x10^-33 Kg to 2.21x10^-31 Kg

Hard Xray (HX)

Wavelength = 1.00x10^-10 m to 1.00x10^-11 m
Frequency = 3.00x10⁺¹⁸ Hz to 3.00x10⁺¹⁹ Hz
Energy = 1.99x10^-15 J to 1.99x10^-14 J
Mass = 2.21x10^-32 Kg to 2.21x10^-31 Kg

Gamma (γ)

Wavelength = Under 1.00x10^-11 m
Frequency = Over 3.00x10⁺¹⁹ Hz
Energy = Over 1.99x10^-14 J
Mass = Over 2.21x10^-31 Kg

Electron

Static Wavelength = 8.20x10^-14 m
Static Frequency = 3.66x10⁺²¹ Hz
Static Energy = 2.42x10^-12 J
Static Mass = 9.11x10^-31 Kg